Such acts weren't illegal at the time Bathory was only punished because her victims were said to have included noblewomen but would still make Bathory responsible for many ruined lives. [3], In 1310, Btor came into the sole possession of Briccius when he reached an agreement with his nephew Michael and his cousin Vid to divide the joint possessions. [9] The marriage resulted in combined land ownership in both Transylvania and the Kingdom of Hungary. . In the years after Bathorys husband passed, whispers floated around about Bathorys actions, specifically her killing young girls. Elizabeth Bthory was a Hungarian countess who purportedly tortured and murdered more than 600 young women in the 16th17th century. Vitus killed it with three thrusts of his lance and as a reward received the castle. Bthory was born into prominent Protestant nobility in Hungary. Elizabeth Bthory, Hungarian form Bthory Erzsbet, (born August 7, 1560, Nyrbtor, Hungarydied August 21, 1614, Castle Cachtice, Cachtice, Hungary [now in Slovakia]), Hungarian countess who purportedly tortured and murdered hundreds of young women in the 16th and 17th centuries. Extremely well written article. She used tools such as knives, razors, and wax to torture them.12 She would also bite pieces of flesh off of her victims.13 The people who lived in the same town as Bathory saw the girls that she tortured while they ran errands. I also find intriguing that Bathory was not charged with something more serious. [citation needed] The castle had been bought by his mother in 1569 and given to Ndasdy, who transferred it to Elizabeth during their nuptials, together with the Csejte country house and seventeen adjacent villages. The Torture. (726) $5.00. Although never tried, Bthory was confined to her chambers at Castle Cachtice. George and Anna were both Bathorys by birth; he a member of the Ecsed branch of the family and of the Somlyo. Elizabeth Bathory was born on August 7, 1560, in Nyrbtor, Hungary. Although the exact nature of the illness which led to his death is unknown, it seems to have started in 1601, and initially caused debilitating pain in his legs. For other uses, see, "Batory" redirects here. In the early part of the 17th century, a Hungarian countess named Elizabeth Bathory was accused of murdering some 650 women across what is today known as Slovakia. I will start with the claims where the evidence is clearest: No, Bthory did not keep a list of her victims/"patients". Being creative was fun for a while, but, we, at ElizabethBathory.Org, no longer publish educational material, nor details about the portrait for security reasons, just an image of the painting, once lost, then found, without commentary, and at considerably lower resolution. The testimony that Bathory had listed 650 victims was a secondhand accounting of what a court official had discovered yet the official who'd supposedly seen this information didn't testify. According to Thurz's letter to his wife, his unannounced visit found one dead girl and another living "prey" girl in the castle,[19] but there is no evidence that they asked her what had happened to her. Countess Elizabeth Bthory de Ecsed (Bthory Erzsbet in Hungarian, Albeta Btoriov in Slovak; 7 August 1560 - 21 August 1614) was a countess from the renowned Bthory family of Hungarian nobility. Elizabeth was not the mother of the youngsters she murdered, yet ''she was related by blood or marriage to nearly all the victims named in the testimonies'' (Thorne 31). The Chilling Story Of Simon Monjack, The 'Disturbed' Husband Of Brittany Murphy, Michael Hutchence Was One Of The World's Biggest Rock Stars Then He Choked Himself To Death In A Sydney Hotel, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Bathory was accused of a haunting litany of crimes against both female servants and minor noblewomen who'd come to her for training and education. I was also struck by the punishment she got because from everything she did, I would have thought she would have gotten a stricter punishment. A history of epilepsy from the Greeks to the beginnings of modern neurology", "Bthory Erzsbet Bthory Erzsbet: Short FAQ", "No Blood in the Water: The Legal and GenderConspiracies Against Countess Elizabeth Bathory in Historical Context", "The Early Ottoman Period, Including Royal Hungary, 15261606", "Elizabeth Bthory Drop of Blood Festival: 16 August 2014", "A genealogy of the Ndasdy family, including her descendants", A complete genealogy of all descendants Elizabeth Bthory (17th-20th century), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Bthory&oldid=1132822934, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2018, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia references cleanup from March 2021, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from March 2021, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, All articles that may contain original research, Articles that may contain original research from October 2021, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 19:35. For years, citizens were frightened of Elizabeth Bathory. Listen above to the History Uncovered podcast, episode 49: Bloody Mary, also available on, true story behind the real-life Bloody Mary. A late 16th-century copy of the now-lost portrait of Elizabeth Bathory, painted in 1585 when she was 25 years old. In the 19th century, long after the demise of the other branches, the family claimed name and title of Counts Bthory, since their ancestor Michael had never consented to the sale conducted by his brothers, and in 1852 the Russian government confirmed the legitimacy of their claims.[6][11][12]. According to the opinions of a majority of historians, legends such as her bathing in the blood of the young women were based on later rumors. A powerful terror ruled over lands in Hungary in the 16th century. Tony Thorne. After these executions Thurz continued to investigate the countess. The most common motif of these works was that of the countess bathing in her virgin victims' blood to retain beauty or youth. [citation needed] Thurz, along with Paul and her two sons-in-law, originally planned for Bthory to be sent to a nunnery, but as accounts of her actions spread, they decided to keep her under strict house arrest.[22]. Thurzo found a dead body of a girl and two other girls wounded. Although it is commonly believed that Bthory was caught in the act of torture, she was having dinner. [3] Some insist she inspired Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897),[11] although Stoker's notes on the novel provided no direct evidence to support this hypothesis. [45] Elizabeth Bthory, or Bthory Erzsbet in her native Hungarian, was born in Nyrbtor on August 7, 1560. It is also interesting to note that the King of Hungary only took notice or sent someone to investigate the disappearances of young girls when it was young noble girls disappearing. The first mention of Bathory's blood baths came 100 years after her death and thus seems to be an invention. [10] Legends describing her vampiric tendencies, such as the tale that she bathed in the blood of virgins to retain her youth, were generally recorded years after her death and are considered unreliable. You can see in the photo that II. Elizabeth Bthory was born on a family estate in Nyrbtor, Royal Hungary in 1560 or 1561, the daughter of Baron George VI Bthory and Baroness Anna Bthory. According to SyFy, this claim didnt even appear in print until after shed been dead for more than a century. She sometimes even used scissors to slice open the skin between her victims fingers. Luke possessed wide estates in Szatmr and was granted by King Charles Robert the lordship of Ecsed, where he built the castle called Hsg (loyalty). [17] To support Bthory's innocence, the testimony of around 300 witnesses[citation needed] and the physical evidence collected by the investigators have to be addressed or disputed. It seems most likely that the claim of Thurz's discovering Bthory covered in blood has been the embellishment of fictionalized accounts. The most infamous accusation the one that inspired her nickname, the Blood Countess claimed that Elizabeth Bathory bathed in the blood of her young victims in an attempt to maintain a youthful appearance. Elizabeth pleaded her innocence to Thurzo, though he did not believe her, and he eventually arrested her.15 Bathory was only put on house arrest, because they did not want to cause a scene to the public, but rumors were already going around about what she did. Thurzo heard screaming, which led him to find one of Bathorys torture chambers. Bthory was born into prominent Protestant nobility in Hungary. The Countess came from a very influential family. There were several instances where Bthory intervened on behalf of destitute women, including a woman whose husband was captured by the Ottomans and a woman whose daughter was raped and impregnated. [18] This does not contribute to the notion of a Catholic/Habsburg plot against the Protestant Bthory, although religious tension is still a possible source of conflict, as Bthory was raised Calvinist, not Lutheran. Although it is commonly believed that Bthory was caught in the act of torture, she was having dinner. This family was literally so powerful, they had multiple branches. 2 She came from a wealthy, Protestant family that were significant landowners in Hungary. Anna was born roughly in the year 1585, and Katalin approximately 1594. A great example of what a bad upbringing can do and the potential of a bad upbringing to not only bring harm to the person involved but the society as well. Perhaps, historians say, the true story of Elizabeth Bathory looks more like this: The countess owned strategically important land that increased her familys already vast wealth. Ndasdy was the son of Baron Tams Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld and Orsolya Kanizsai. Actress Elizabeth Taylor starred in films like 'Cat on a Hot Tin Roof' and 'Butterfield 8' but was just as famous for her violet eyes and scandalous love life. Today, Elizabeth Bathory is infamously remembered as the Blood Countess who killed up to 650 girls and women in the Kingdom of Hungary. 25 of the Most Evil People the World Has Ever Seen. So, Hungarian King Matthias II sent his highest-ranking representative, Gyrgy Thurz, to investigate the complaints against her. Elizabeth Bathory's Chilling Secret to Eternal Youth. Countess Elizabeth Bthory de Ecsed ( Hungarian: Bthory Erzsbet, pronounced [batori rebt]; Slovak: Albeta Btoriov ; 7 August 1560 - 21 August 1614) [1] was a Hungarian noblewoman from the family of Bthory, who owned land in the Kingdom of Hungary (now Hungary, Slovakia and Romania ). Bathory was born in Nyrbtor, Hungary, on August 7, 1560. Elizabeth Bthory, or Bthory Erzsbet in her native Hungarian, was born in Nyrbtor on August 7, 1560. As was the case with many noble families at the time, the family had long been marrying relatives to keep their status; thus, some theorize that Elizabeth's inbred ancestry could have left her vulnerable to mental instability. The two branches of the family positioned themselves on the opposing sides of the conflict. (shelved 3 times as elizabeth-bathory) avg rating 3.75 256 ratings published 1997. While I have no doubt she might have reached the sadistic level she was, I believe her upbringing where her parents tortured and mutilated their servants, combined with the sadistic nature of her husband helped her reach that level much quicker. Where did Elizabeth Bathory grow up? [15] The woman was paid for her actions, and the child was taken to Wallachia. The intimate nature of Bathory's attacks suggests a sexual motivation, though it's impossible to know with certainty what compelled her to act. While historical documents seem to support the accusations against her, modern research indicates that Bthory, a powerful woman, might have been the target of politically motivated slander that allowed relatives to appropriate her lands. After hearing the accusations, Thurz ultimately charged Bathory with the deaths of 80 girls. Elizabeth Bthory (1560 - 1614 AD) was a countess from the renowned Bthory family of nobility in the Kingdom of Hungary and cousin of the Hungarian noble Stefan Bthory, King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Duke of Transylvania. Most of her alleged assaults and murders took place after she was widowed in 1604. The Myth of the "Blood Countess" Elizabeth Bathory. As an intelligent, powerful woman who ruled without a man at her side, and as a member of a family whose wealth intimidated the king, his court went on a mission to discredit and ruin her. Elizabeth's father was George VI Bthory, who was from the Bthory family's Esced branch. Why might Bathory have been subject to outside machinations? While slightly lower down the social . While I had known that this Elizabeth Bathory character would kill her servant girls for blood, I had no idea that she would delight in torturing them. The ruins of Csejte Castle, where Elizabeth Bathory supposedly committed unspeakable crimes. George strengthened his alliance to Stephen by marrying his sister Anna, uniting the branches. and she had complete control over the lives of the peasants living in the . Descendant of both the Ecsed and Somly branches of the Bathory family. Bathing in pure girls blood is heard from a lot in movies but Ive never heard it happening in real life. In a way, things that happened back then are still happening now. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Bathory Nadasdy family agreed to cancel Matthias's debts- and Matthias decided that Elizabeth Bathory would disappear behind the walls of her castle. [25], The highest number of victims cited during the trial of Bthory's accomplices was 650, but this number comes from the claim by a servant girl named Susannah that Jakab Szilvssy, Bthory's court official, had seen the figure in one of Bthory's private books. . This page has been accessed 12,844 times. Her mother's father had been the Voivod (or Prince) of Transylvania, as had her father's brother - in fact, her parents came from two branches of the Bthory family. The Bthory family (Polish: Batory) was a Hungarian noble family of the Gutkeled clan. The King of Hungary, King Matthias II, ordered Gyorgy Thurzo, Palatine of Hungary, to look into the rumors and accusations about Bathory. According to witnesses, Bathorys crimes took place between 1590 and 1610, with most of the vicious murders happening after her husbands death in 1604. 1560: Elizabeth Bathory is born into one of the oldest and wealthiest families in Transylvania. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Her cousin, Gyrgy Thurz, count palatine of Hungary, was ordered by Matthias, then king of Hungary, to investigate. She had an elder brother named Stephen. She was raised at the family castle in Ecsd. [4][32] Nagy argued that the proceedings against Bthory were largely politically motivated, possibly due to her extensive wealth and ownership of large areas of land in Hungary, which increased after the death of her husband. For other uses, see. Matthias was not inclined to pay that debt, which historians say may have fueled his move to incriminate the countess in multiple crimes and deny her the opportunity to defend herself in court. Ferenc Ndasdy 's wife, and after his death, the wealth and properties were inherited by her. [citation needed], Bthory's daughter, Anna Ndasdy, was born in 1585 and was later to become the wife of Nikola VI Zrinski. Her mother's brother Stephen (or Istvn . I recognize that most people took little interest in their servants, but I feel like someone would have noticed the mass disappearance of young girls, regardless of their social standing. It took 35 years and 650 girls for the King of Hungary to take action. She suffered from epilepsy as a child, possibly from familial inbreeding. 2023 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. I wonder if she wouldve grown up to be different if all these people in her life wouldnt have helped her torment her servants. The grateful people honoured him with the names Bthory, meaning "good hero", and animus magnanimus. [8] Szdeczky-Kardoss argues that the physical evidence was exaggerated and Thurz misrepresented dead and wounded patients as victims of Bthory, as disgracing her would greatly benefit his political state ambitions. In 1573,[9] Bthory was engaged to Count Ferenc Ndasdy, a member of the Nadasdy family. It is unclear whether he died before or after his sisters Elizabeth and Sophia. Due to his youth and the belief that he was less culpable, Jnos jvry was executed by a much less painful method: beheading. Some of Bathory's victims were covered with honey and left outside for insects to devour. The Ecsed branch first rises to prominence with the sons of Luke's grandson John V. His eldest son Bartholomew I fell in 1432 fighting against the Hussites. In 1575 she married Count Ferencz Ndasdy and moved to Castle Csejte (now in Cachtice, Slovakia), a wedding gift from Ndasdys family. [citation needed], Several authors, such as Lszl Nagy and Dr. Irma Szdeczky-Kardoss, have argued that Elizabeth Bthory was a victim of a conspiracy. How did they find each other? Listen above to the History Uncovered podcast, episode 49: Bloody Mary, also available on iTunes and Spotify. Wikimedia CommonsMany modern Hungarian scholars believe that the accusations against Elizabeth Bathory were exaggerated. Most of the witnesses testified that they had heard the accusations from others, but did not see it themselves. She did this by saying she would give them a higher salary.11 The testimonies included how she killed the girls by mutilating their bodies, starving them, freezing them, and torturing them. This too may have been politically motivated, as the death penalty meant that the king could seize her land. Leave a message for others who see this profile. Yes, there are descendants of Elizabeth Bathory that are living today. Countess Dracula: The Life and Times of Elisabeth Bathory, the Blood Countess (Unknown Binding) by. She had received it as a wedding gift from her husband, the famed Hungarian war hero Ferenc Ndasdy. She was born in 1560 to Baron George Bathory and Baroness Anne Bathory ("Blood Countess," par. Worst case? Considering the mythologized elements of Bathorys alleged crimes, it begs the question of how much of her bloody story was actually true and how much was made up just to take a powerful and wealthy woman down. When Nadasdy passed away in 1604, he gave his whole estate away to Bathory including his castle, Cachtice, in modern day Slovakia. This witch inspired most of Bathorys brutal and sadistic killings. Bthory's other known children include Orsolya (Orsika) Ndasdy (1590 unknown) who would later become the wife of Istvn II Beny; Katalin (Kata or Katherina) Ndasdy (1594 unknown); Andrs Ndasdy (15961603); and Pl (Paul) Ndasdy (15981650), father of Franz III Ndasdy, who was one of the leaders of the Magnate conspiracy against Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. Hungarian royal family prominent in Central Europe from the 13th to 17th centuries, This article is about the Hungarian noble family. Her family controlled Transylvania, and her uncle, Stephen Bthory, was king of Poland. Hungarian countess and alleged serial killer, This article is about the Hungarian countess. [19] On 31 December, Thurz went to Csejte Castle and arrested Bthory along with four of her servants, who were accused of being her accomplices: Dorotya Semtsz, Ilona J, Katarna Benick and Jnos jvry ("Ibis" or Fick). These theories suggest that the King brought these charges against her because he did not like that she was Protestant and a powerful women.19 However, no evidence exists to back up these theories. A few years later, Elizabeth Bathory died in solitary confinement on August 22, 1614. While she lived unharmed by any authority for years, many young girls went missing or ended up dead. Despite being a noblewoman, she was a famous serial killer. However, this depraved action isn't backed up by contemporaneous witness accounts (which otherwise didn't shy away from gore). Although in modern times she has been labelled the most prolific female serial killer in history, her guilt is debated. She told her guard that her hands were cold, and the next day the guard found her dead.20 She was buried somewhere around her castle, Cachtice. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In 1610 she was accused of gruesome acts of serial murder and confined to her home of Castle achtice, where she remained until her death. And some say she would later use that power to commit heinous acts. He reportedly surprised Bathory in the middle of tormenting a victim and in response immediately imprisoned her in her home (her high status meant she would not be jailed as a common criminal). The Elizabethan era is named for her. [citation needed] Some chronicles also indicate that the couple had another son, named Mikls Ndasdy, although this cannot be confirmed, and it could be that he was simply a cousin or died young, as he is not named in Bthory's will from 1610. Things that happened back then are still happening now roughly in the century! 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